"All planetary missions with plasma instruments – past, present and future – can be potentially used, but for the time being we focus on those dedicated to Mars, Mercury, and Ganymede, " says Modolo.

This includes ESA's Rosetta, which flew by Mars in 2007 on its way to Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, et, à l'avenir, BepiColombo and JUICE, the JUpiter ICy moons Explorer. The Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter and the Mercury Planetary Orbiter on the ESA-JAXA BepiColombo mission will explore different regions of Mercury's plasma environment, while ESA's JUICE has Ganymede, the largest moon of Jupiter, as one of its main targets.

Modolo looks to future missions since LatHyS, combined with visualisation tools, can help plan for them.

Seeing the solar system in 3-D

A strength of LatHyS is how well it works with 3DView, a powerful application for displaying science data in 3-D. In the current version of the viewer, users can visualise spacecraft trajectories, the positions of planets and other Solar System bodies, entre autres fonctionnalités. Plus important, because of the integration with IMPEx and LatHyS, 3DView can display scientific data from multiple space missions, as well as from simulations. A new paper led by Vincent Génot of the Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP) in Toulouse, La France, published in the same issue of Planetary and Space Science , introduces the latest version of the tool and describes in detail how it can be used to display space physics data.

3DView, designed by the French Plasma Physics Data Center (CDPP), was initially developed in 2005 to visualise the trajectory of ESA's Rosetta spacecraft on its way to the comet. The viewer now comprises some 150 space missions, including Rosetta, Venus Express, and Cassini–Huygens, as well as all planets and moons in the Solar System and a number of asteroids and comets.

"3DView offers the possibility to visualise spacecraft ephemerides – of past, present and future missions – and, when available, observations at all celestial objects in the Solar System explored by space missions equipped with plasma instruments, " says Génot.

One of the main applications of the tool, also in combination with LatHyS, is in helping scientists and engineers during the preparation stages for space missions, allowing them to visualise spacecraft trajectories and the environment at celestial bodies. En 2014, a version of 3DView helped scientists in the selection process of a landing site at Rosetta's comet for the Philae probe.

A science case presented in this study features ESA's future mission, JUICE, which is planned for launch in 2022. The researchers combined observations of Ganymede done by NASA's Galileo mission a couple of decades ago with LatHyS simulations of the plasma environment at this Jupiter moon. JUICE scientists have used 3DView in a similar way, to analyse simulations at Ganymede and gather information, such as times for closest approaches or magnetopause crossings, about future fly-bys of the moon by JUICE.

"The 3DView tool is useful to visualise the trajectory of JUICE in the Jupiter system and also to visualise the 'invisible' magnetospheric boundaries, " says ESA's JUICE Project Scientist Olivier Witasse.

While its main target audience is the scientific community, 3DView is also attracting attention as an educational tool. The code is open source and the software is often used in higher-education courses to help students have a better grasp of space physics.

From providing new ways to explore our Solar System to planning future missions and inspiring the next generation of space researchers, LatHyS and 3DView show how much scientists and engineers can gain from combining observations and simulations.