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* Atoms are made of smaller particles: Atoms consist of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.
* Fusion combines nuclei: During nuclear fusion, the nuclei of two atoms (usually light atoms like hydrogen) are forced together to form a heavier nucleus (like helium).
* Mass is converted to energy: The total mass of the heavier nucleus is slightly less than the combined mass of the original nuclei. This "missing" mass is converted into a tremendous amount of energy according to Einstein's famous equation E=mc².
So, instead of two atoms forming a larger atom, they actually fuse their nuclei to create a heavier nucleus, and this process releases a large amount of energy.